み
~ness
JLPT
N3
Cấu trúc
Aい+み (VD: 悲しい ➔ 悲しみ)
Aな+み (VD: 真剣な ➔ 真剣み)
A
Nghĩa
「み」is added after an adjective to form a noun indicating a state or quality.
The suffix 「み」can only be added to certain adjectives like 悲しい (sad), 楽しい (fun), 弱い (weak), 苦しい (painful)...
Many adjectives can be nominalized by adding both the suffix 「さ」and the suffix 「み」, but they have slightly different meanings.
The suffix 「さ」emphasizes the degree and is objective. The adjective it accompanies describes things that can be measured, such as size, weight... Or if it's an adjective describing emotions,「さ」expresses a general feeling that many people can perceive about an object, event, and can somewhat share with each other.
On the other hand, the suffix 「み」emphasizes the quality, state, and is subjective. This quality, state is something that needs to be experienced firsthand to know, such as taste, warmth... or emotions that only individuals can feel and thus are difficult to share with others.
Example: 強さ (strength) and 強み (strong point); 甘さ (sweetness) and 甘み (sweetness)...
The suffix 「み」can only be added to certain adjectives like 悲しい (sad), 楽しい (fun), 弱い (weak), 苦しい (painful)...
Many adjectives can be nominalized by adding both the suffix 「さ」and the suffix 「み」, but they have slightly different meanings.
The suffix 「さ」emphasizes the degree and is objective. The adjective it accompanies describes things that can be measured, such as size, weight... Or if it's an adjective describing emotions,「さ」expresses a general feeling that many people can perceive about an object, event, and can somewhat share with each other.
On the other hand, the suffix 「み」emphasizes the quality, state, and is subjective. This quality, state is something that needs to be experienced firsthand to know, such as taste, warmth... or emotions that only individuals can feel and thus are difficult to share with others.
Example: 強さ (strength) and 強み (strong point); 甘さ (sweetness) and 甘み (sweetness)...
戦争
が
終
わった
今
でも
、
この
国
の
苦
しみはまだ
続
いている
。
Even though the war is over, the suffering in this country still continues.
田中
さんの
強
みは
、
2
ヵ
国語
が
話
せるということです
。
Mr. Tanaka's strength is that he can speak two languages.
私
は
少
し
苦
みのある
コーヒー
が
好
きです
。
I like coffee with a little bitterness.
一位
を
取
りたいから
、
足
の
痛
みを
忘
れて
走
りました
。
I wanted to take first place, so I ran, forgetting about the pain in my legs.
この
スープ
の
野菜
の
甘
みを
感
じていた
。
I could feel the sweetness of the vegetables in this soup.
この
色
からこの
フルーツ
の
新鮮
みが
感
じられる
。
This color gives you a sense of the freshness of this fruit.

