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Japanese Food Vocabulary List: 300+ Must-Know Words

Table of Contents
1. フルーツ (Fruit)
2. やさい (Vegetables)
3. にくとシーフード (Meat & Seafood)
4. にゅうせいひん (Dairy Products)
5. こめとめんとパン (Rice, Noodles, Bread)
6. のみもの (Drinks)
7. ちょうみりょうとやくみ (Seasonings & Condiments)
8. わしょく (Japanese Food)
9. ようしょく (Western Food)
10. おやつとおかし (Snacks & Sweets)
Food vocabulary Japanese learners should master goes beyond just “sushi” and “ramen.” This list of 300+ words from Mazii is designed to support your study journey by grouping food terms into easy categories such as fruits, vegetables, meat, drinks, and traditional dishes. Let’s dive in!
Japanese food vocabulary list: 300+ must-know words
フルーツ (Fruit)
Kana |
Romaji |
Meaning |
りんご |
ringo |
apple |
ぶどう |
budou |
grapes |
なし |
nashi |
Japanese pear |
ようなし |
younashi |
(western) pear |
かき |
kaki |
persimmon |
オレンジ |
orenji |
orange |
レモン |
remon |
lemon |
ライム |
raimu |
lime |
グレープフルーツ |
gureepufuruutsu |
grapefruit |
バナナ |
banana |
banana |
いちご |
ichigo |
strawberry |
ブルーベリー |
buruuberii |
blueberry |
さくらんぼ |
sakuranbo |
cherry |
メロン |
melon |
green melon (honeydew) |
すいか |
suika |
watermelon |
マンゴー |
mangoo |
mango |
パイナップル |
painappuru |
pineapple |
キウイ |
kiui |
kiwi |
みかん |
mikan |
mandarin orange (satsuma) |
アプリコット |
apurikotto |
apricot |
もも |
momo |
peach |
プラム |
puramu |
plum |
ネクタリン |
nekutarin |
nectarine |
ラズベリー |
razuberii |
raspberry |
ブラックベリー |
burakkuberii |
blackberry |
カシス |
kashisu |
blackcurrant |
クランベリー |
kuranberii |
cranberry |
パパイヤ |
papaiya |
papaya |
ドラゴンフルーツ |
doragonfuruutsu |
dragon fruit |
ココナッツ |
kokonattsu |
coconut |
ザクロ |
zakuro |
pomegranate |
いちじく |
ichijiku |
fig |
アボカド |
abokado |
avocado |
グァバ |
guaba |
guava |
パッションフルーツ |
passhonfuruutsu |
passion fruit |
やさい (Vegetables)
Kana |
Romaji |
Meaning |
にんじん |
ninjin |
carrots |
セロリ |
serori |
celery |
レタス |
retasu |
lettuce |
キャベツ |
kyabetsu |
cabbage |
トマト |
tomato |
tomato |
ねぎ |
negi |
green onion (scallions) |
たまねぎ |
tamanegi |
(round) onion |
ポテト |
poteto |
potatoes |
ブロッコリー |
burokkorii |
broccoli |
ピーマン |
piiman |
bell pepper, green pepper (Fr. piment) |
まめ |
mame |
beans (in general) |
ピース |
piisu |
peas |
コーン |
koon |
corn |
きゅうり |
kyuuri |
cucumber |
なす |
nasu |
eggplant |
だいこん |
daikon |
Japanese white radish |
ほうれんそう |
hourensou |
spinach |
はくさい |
hakusai |
Chinese cabbage, napa cabbage |
かぼちゃ |
kabocha |
Japanese pumpkin |
さつまいも |
satsumaimo |
sweet potato |
ごぼう |
gobou |
burdock root |
しそ |
shiso |
perilla leaves |
しょうが |
shouga |
ginger |
にんにく |
ninniku |
garlic |
もやし |
moyashi |
bean sprouts |
しいたけ |
shiitake |
shiitake mushroom |
エリンギ |
eringi |
king oyster mushroom |
しめじ |
shimeji |
beech mushroom |
えだまめ |
edamame |
green soybeans (young soybeans) |
オクラ |
okura |
okra |
ズッキーニ |
zukkiini |
zucchini |
アスパラガス |
asuparagasu |
asparagus |
カリフラワー |
karifurawaa |
cauliflower |
にくとシーフード (Meat & Seafood)
Kana |
Romaji |
Meaning |
ぎゅうにく |
gyuuniku |
beef |
ぶたにく |
butaniku |
pork |
ハム |
hamu |
ham |
とりにく |
toriniku |
chicken |
たまご |
tamago |
egg |
さかな |
sakana |
fish |
えび |
ebi |
shrimp, prawn, lobster |
かに |
kani |
crab |
たこ |
tako |
octopus |
ひつじにく |
hitsujiniku |
lamb, mutton |
やぎにく |
yaginiku |
goat meat |
うさぎにく |
usaginiku |
rabbit meat |
ベーコン |
beekon |
bacon |
ソーセージ |
soosēji |
sausage |
ターキー |
taakii |
turkey |
かもにく |
kamoniku |
duck meat |
レバー |
rebā |
liver |
さけ |
sake |
salmon |
まぐろ |
maguro |
tuna |
いか |
ika |
squid |
ほたて |
hotate |
scallop |
かき |
kaki |
oyster |
はまぐり |
hamaguri |
clam |
あさり |
asari |
littleneck clam |
さば |
saba |
mackerel |
たい |
tai |
sea bream |
いわし |
iwashi |
sardine |
うなぎ |
unagi |
eel (freshwater) |
あなご |
anago |
conger eel (saltwater) |
にゅうせいひん (Dairy Products)
Kana |
Romaji |
Meaning |
ぎゅうにゅう・ミルク |
gyuunyuu/miruku |
milk |
チーズ |
chiizu |
cheese |
ヨーグルト |
yooguruto |
yogurt |
アイスクリーム |
aisukuriimu |
ice cream |
バター |
bataa |
butter |
マーガリン |
maagarin |
margarine |
ホイップクリーム |
hoippukuriimu |
whipped cream |
クリーム |
kuriimu |
cream |
サワークリーム |
sawākuriimu |
sour cream |
カッテージチーズ |
kattēji chiizu |
cottage cheese |
クリームチーズ |
kuriimu chiizu |
cream cheese |
ミルクパウダー |
miruku paudaa |
milk powder |
れんにゅう |
ren’nyuu |
condensed milk (sweetened) |
エバミルク |
ebamiruku |
evaporated milk |
こめとめんとパン (Rice, Noodles, Bread)
Kana |
Romaji |
Meaning |
こめ |
kome |
rice (uncooked) |
ごはん |
gohan |
rice (cooked) |
げんまい |
genmai |
brown rice |
うどん |
udon |
udon (wheat noodles) |
そうめん |
soumen |
somen (thin noodles) |
そば |
soba |
soba (buckwheat noodles) |
ラーメン |
raamen |
ramen (Chinese noodles) |
パン |
pan |
bread, rolls, pastries |
かしパン |
kashipan |
sweet bread, pastries |
ピザ |
piza |
pizza |
おにぎり |
onigiri |
rice ball |
すし |
sushi |
sushi |
ちゃはん |
chahan |
fried rice |
おかゆ |
okayu |
rice porridge |
もち |
mochi |
rice cake |
ビーフン |
biifun |
rice vermicelli (rice noodles) |
スパゲッティ |
supagetti |
spaghetti |
パスタ |
pasuta |
pasta (general) |
マカロニ |
makaroni |
macaroni |
トースト |
toosuto |
toast |
サンドイッチ |
sandoicchi |
sandwich |
クロワッサン |
kurowassan |
croissant |
バゲット |
bagetto |
baguette |
ホットドッグ |
hottodoggu |
hot dog (bun + sausage) |
ナン |
nan |
naan bread (flatbread) |
のみもの (Drinks)
Kana |
Romaji |
Meaning |
みず |
mizu |
water |
おちゃ |
ocha |
green tea, tea in general |
にほんちゃ |
nihoncha |
Japanese green tea |
むぎちゃ |
mugicha |
Japanese iced barley tea |
こうちゃ |
koucha |
black tea |
コーヒー |
koohii |
coffee |
ぎゅうにゅう・ミルク |
gyuunyuu/miruku |
milk |
ジュース |
juusu |
juice |
オレンジジュース |
orenjijuusu |
orange juice |
レモネード |
remoneedo |
lemonade |
ソーダ |
sooda |
soda, pop |
おさけ |
osake |
sake (rice wine), alcohol in general |
にほんしゅ |
nihonshu |
Japanese sake |
ワイン |
wain |
wine |
ビール |
biiru |
beer |
シャンパン |
shanpan |
champagne |
ウイスキー |
uisukii |
whiskey |
ブランデー |
burandee |
brandy |
カクテル |
kakuteru |
cocktail |
マティーニ |
matiini |
martini |
モヒート |
mohīto |
mojito |
ミルクティー |
miruku tii |
milk tea |
ロイヤルミルクティー |
roiyaru miruku tii |
royal milk tea |
アイスティー |
aisutii |
iced tea |
アイスコーヒー |
aisukoohii |
iced coffee |
エスプレッソ |
esupuresso |
espresso |
カプチーノ |
kapuchiino |
cappuccino |
ラテ |
rate |
latte |
ココア |
kokoa |
cocoa, hot chocolate |
スムージー |
sumuujii |
smoothie |
シェイク |
sheiku |
milkshake |
スポーツドリンク |
supootsu dorinku |
sports drink (like Pocari Sweat) |
エナジードリンク |
enajii dorinku |
energy drink |
みりん |
mirin |
sweet cooking sake |
しょうちゅう |
shouchuu |
Japanese distilled spirit |
ちょうみりょうとやくみ (Seasonings & Condiments)
Kana |
Romaji |
Meaning |
しょうゆ |
shouyu |
soy sauce |
あぶら |
abura |
oil |
す |
su |
vinegar |
みりん |
mirin |
sweet cooking sake |
しお |
shio |
salt |
こしょう |
koshou |
pepper |
さとう |
satou |
sugar |
わさび |
wasabi |
wasabi (Japanese "horseradish") |
ごま |
goma |
sesame seeds |
バター |
bataa |
butter |
ケチャップ |
kechappu |
ketchup |
マヨネーズ |
mayoneezu |
mayonnaise |
ソース |
soosu |
sauce (esp. Worcestershire-style Japanese sauce) |
とんかつソース |
tonkatsu soosu |
tonkatsu sauce |
おこのみソース |
okonomi soosu |
okonomiyaki sauce |
からし |
karashi |
Japanese mustard |
しょうが |
shouga |
ginger |
にんにく |
ninniku |
garlic |
みそ |
miso |
fermented soybean paste |
ごまゆ |
gomayu |
sesame oil |
オリーブオイル |
oriibu oiru |
olive oil |
ラー油 |
raayu |
chili oil |
カレーこ |
karee ko |
curry powder |
ハーブ |
haabu |
herbs |
パセリ |
paseri |
parsley |
バジル |
bajiru |
basil |
こむぎこ |
komugiko |
wheat flour |
かたくりこ |
katakuriko |
potato starch |
わかめ |
wakame |
wakame seaweed |
のり |
nori |
dried seaweed |
かつおぶし |
katsuobushi |
bonito flakes |
わしょく (Japanese Food)
Kana |
Romaji |
Meaning |
すし |
sushi |
sushi (sweet vinegared rice with raw seafood, in various shapes) |
さしみ |
sashimi |
sashimi (thinly sliced raw fish over sushi rice) |
てんぷら |
tenpura |
tempura (battered and fried vegetables and seafood) |
やきとり |
yakitori |
yakitori (grilled chicken skewers) |
やきにく |
yakiniku |
yakiniku (grilled beef and vegetables) |
やきざかな |
yakizakana |
grilled fish |
やきそば |
yakisoba |
yakisoba (fried noodles, usually udon or ramen-like, with ham/sausage and vegetables) |
すきやき |
sukiyaki |
sukiyaki (too difficult to explain here) |
おこのみやき |
okonomiyaki |
okonomiyaki ("Japanese pancakes", with meat or seafood and vegetables inside) |
とんかつ |
tonkatsu |
fried pork cutlet |
カレー・カレーライス |
karee/karee raisu |
Japanese curry with rice |
コロッケ |
kurokke |
croquette (fried mashed potato patty with meat/seafood/vegetables) |
ぎょうざ |
gyouza |
Chinese style fried dumplings (potstickers) |
みそしる |
misoshiru |
miso soup (miso is a soy-based paste) |
つけもの |
tsukemono |
Japanese pickles |
おにぎり |
onigiri |
rice ball (often wrapped in nori, with filling inside) |
ちゃわんむし |
chawanmushi |
savory steamed egg custard |
おでん |
oden |
hot pot with fish cakes, radish, boiled eggs, etc. |
なべもの |
nabemono |
Japanese hot pot (general term) |
しゃぶしゃぶ |
shabushabu |
hot pot with thinly sliced meat and vegetables, swished in broth |
からあげ |
karaage |
Japanese-style fried chicken |
たこやき |
takoyaki |
octopus balls (batter filled with octopus, green onion, etc.) |
うなじゅう |
unajuu |
grilled eel served over rice in a lacquered box |
うどん |
udon |
thick wheat noodles (often in broth) |
そば |
soba |
buckwheat noodles (served hot or cold) |
にくじゃが |
nikujaga |
meat and potato stew |
ちゃーはん |
chaahan |
Japanese fried rice (Chinese-style) |
おちゃづけ |
ochazuke |
rice with hot tea poured over, topped with fish or pickles |
たまごやき |
tamagoyaki |
Japanese rolled omelet |
おしるこ・ぜんざい |
oshiruko/zenzai |
sweet red bean soup (with mochi) |
どんぶり |
donburi |
rice bowl dish (general term) |
てりやき |
teriyaki |
meat/fish grilled with sweet soy sauce glaze |
かつどん |
katsudon |
rice bowl topped with tonkatsu and egg |
ぎゅうどん |
gyuudon |
rice bowl topped with simmered beef and onions |
ていしょく |
teishoku |
set meal (main dish, rice, soup, pickles, etc.) |
ようしょく (Western Food)
Kana |
Romaji |
Meaning |
スープ |
suupu |
soup (any kind) |
サラダ |
sarada |
salad |
サンドイッチ |
sandoitchi |
sandwich |
ハンバーガー |
hanbaagaa |
hamburger |
ホットドッグ |
hottodoggu |
hotdog |
フライドポテト |
furaidopoteto |
fries, fried potatoes |
フライドチキン |
furaidochikin |
fried chicken |
ステーキ |
suteeki |
steak |
ピザ |
piza |
pizza |
スパゲッティー |
supgettii |
spaghetti |
オムライス |
omuraisu |
omelet rice (fried rice wrapped in omelet with ketchup) |
ハヤシライス |
hayashiraisu |
hashed beef rice (beef stew with demi-glace sauce over rice) |
ドリア |
doria |
baked rice gratin (rice with white sauce & cheese) |
グラタン |
guratan |
gratin (baked dish with cheese and white sauce) |
シチュー |
shichuu |
stew (usually white/cream stew or beef stew) |
ローストビーフ |
roosuto biifu |
roast beef |
ローストチキン |
roosuto chikin |
roast chicken |
カツサンド |
katsusando |
pork cutlet sandwich |
ハンバーグ |
hanbaagu |
hamburger steak (Salisbury steak) |
コロッケ |
korokke |
croquette (potato/meat patty breaded & fried, Western-origin) |
タコス |
takosu |
tacos |
ブリトー |
buritoo |
burrito |
カレーライス |
karee raisu |
curry rice (Western-style version influenced by British curry) |
パンケーキ |
pankeeeki |
pancakes |
ワッフル |
waffuru |
waffles |
ドーナツ |
doonatsu |
donuts |
パイ |
pai |
pie (fruit pies, meat pies, etc.) |
チョコレート |
chokoreeto |
chocolate |
アイスクリーム |
aisukuriimu |
ice cream |
おやつとおかし (Snacks & Sweets)
Kana |
Romaji |
Meaning |
チップ |
chippu |
chips |
ポップコーン |
poppukoon |
popcorn |
クッキー |
kukkii |
cookies |
ケーキ |
keeki |
cake |
パイ |
pai |
pie |
アイスクリーム |
aisukuriimu |
ice cream |
チョコレート |
chokoreeto |
chocolate |
ゼリー |
zerii |
jelly (gelatin and similar desserts) |
わがし |
wagashi |
traditional Japanese sweets (many of which are cracker-like) |
キャンディー |
kyandii |
candy, hard candy |
ガム |
gamu |
chewing gum |
プリン |
purin |
custard pudding, flan |
もち |
mochi |
rice cake (often eaten as a sweet) |
だんご |
dango |
rice dumpling skewers (often with sweet soy sauce or anko) |
たい焼き |
taiyaki |
fish-shaped cake filled with red bean paste or custard |
どらやき |
dorayaki |
pancake sandwich with sweet bean paste |
まんじゅう |
manjuu |
steamed bun with sweet filling (red bean, chestnut, etc.) |
せんべい |
senbei |
Japanese rice crackers (often savory or sweet) |
ポッキー |
pokkii |
Pocky sticks (chocolate-covered biscuit sticks) |
カステラ |
kasutera |
sponge cake (Portuguese origin, popular in Japan) |
ラムネ |
ramune |
Japanese soda candy / Ramune soda flavor |
シュークリーム |
shuukuriimu |
cream puff |
マカロン |
makaron |
macaron |
ワッフル |
waffuru |
waffle |
ドーナツ |
doonatsu |
donut |
パンケーキ |
pankeeeki |
pancakes (sweet style) |
アイスキャンディー |
aisukyandii |
popsicle |
シャーベット |
shaabetto |
sherbet, sorbet |
あめ |
ame |
traditional Japanese candy |
Learning Japanese food vocabulary Japanese is more than just memorizing words, it’s a gateway to culture, daily life, and better communication skills. By mastering these 300+ essential terms, students can confidently handle real-life situations, from ordering lunch in Japan to writing essays for language exams.
Keep practicing with flashcards, apps, or by labeling foods around you. Step by step, you’ll see your Japanese ability grow while also enjoying the taste of Japanese culture.
=> Visit the Mizii website or download the Mizii app from the App Store or Google Play today and start learning Japanese food vocabulary list!
>> Read more:
- 5 Best Japanese Vocab Apps for All Learners 2025
- 200+ Japanese Body Parts Vocabulary You Need to Know
- Japanese Family Vocabulary: Essential Words for Parents
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